- Dosages
- Side effects in children
- Warnings & precautions in children
- Contra-indications in children
-
Interactions - PK
- Renal impairment
- References
Pharmacokinetics in children
No studies have been carried out on the pharmacokinetics of a normal preparation with alprazolam (without controlled release) in children. Children generally metabolize benzodiazepine agonists faster than adolescents and adults. One study (Glue P, et al. 2006) shows that the pharmacokinetic parameters of adolescents are comparable to those of adults.
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dose recommendation of formulary compared to licensed use (on-label versus off-label)
No information is present at this moment.
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Available formulations
No information is present at this moment.
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Dosages
| Short-term treatment of acute anxiety and sudden extreme insomnia |
|---|
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Renal impaiment in children > 3 months
GFR ≥10 ml/min/1.73m2: Dose adjustment not required.
GFR <10 ml/min/1.73m2: A general recommendation on dose adjustment cannot be provided.
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The complete list of all undesirable drug reactions can be found in the national Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) – click here
Side effects in children
Sleepiness during the day, agitation, headaches, nausea, weight gain, dystonia, sedation, concentration/memory problems, tolerance/dependence (in prolonged use). Paradoxical reactions such as restlessness, agitation, irritability, aggression, anger attacks, delusions, hallucinations, psychoses, nightmares, behavioural disorders. One case of self-destructive behaviour and suicidal ideation (Türkoğlu S. 2015) has also been described.
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The complete list of all contra-indications can be found in the national Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) – click here
Contra-indications
No information available on specific contra indications in children.
The complete list of all warnings and precautions can be found in the national Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) – click here
Warnings & precautions
No information available on specific warnings and precautions in children.
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Interactions
The complete list of all interactions can be found in the national Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) – click here
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| Benzodiazepine derivatives | ||
|---|---|---|
| N05BA08 | ||
| N05BA09 | ||
| N05BA01 | ||
| N05BA06 | ||
| N05BA04 | ||
| Diphenylmethane derivatives | ||
|---|---|---|
| N05BB01 | ||
| Azaspirodecanedione derivatives | ||
|---|---|---|
| N05BE01 | ||
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References
- Landelijk Kenniscentrum Kind-enJeugdpsychiatrie (Ketelaars), Anxiolytica/hypnotica, 2009
- Pfefferbaum B, et al, Alprazolam in the treatment of anticipatory and acute situational anxiety in children with cancer, J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 1987, Jul;26(4):, 532-5
- Simeon JG, et al, Alprazolam effects in children with anxiety disorders, Can J Psychiatry, 1987, Oct;32(7):, 570-4
- Simeon JG, et al, Clinical, cognitive, and neurophysiological effects of alprazolam in children and adolescents with overanxious and avoidant disorders, J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 1992, Jan;31(1), 29-33
- Anderson BJ, et al, Oral premedication in children: a comparison of chloral hydrate, diazepam, alprazolam, midazolam and placebo for day surgery, Anaesth Intensive Care, 1990, May;18(2), 185-93
- Pfizer BV, SmPC Xanax (RVG 14409) 01-05-2018, www.geneesmiddelinformatiebank.nl
- Türkoğlu S. ., Paradoxical reactions related to alprazolam., J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol, 2015, Apr;25(3), 276
- Glue P et al., Pharmacokinetics of an extended release formulation of alprazolam (Xanax XR) in healthy normal adolescent and adult volunteers., Am J Ther., 2006, Sep-Oct;13(5), 418-22
- Pfizer, Tafil® 0,5/1,0 mg Tabletten (29946.00.00), 03/19
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Changes
Changes
